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Tiffany Favrile glass is one of the most recognizable forms of American art glass from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Known for its iridescent surfaces and handcrafted qualities, it occupies a distinct place in decorative arts collecting. Understanding Tiffany Favrile glass requires separating its historical origins from later imitations and understanding how collectors and the market evaluate individual pieces today.
Favrile glass was developed in the 1890s by Louis Comfort Tiffany. His goal was to create glass with color and light effects built into the material itself rather than applied to the surface. This approach differed from many earlier decorative glass techniques that relied on coatings or finishes added after the glass was formed.
The term Favrile comes from an old English word meaning handmade. It was used to emphasize the production process and the individuality of each piece rather than a specific visual pattern.
Tiffany Favrile glass is created by introducing metallic oxides into molten glass during the forming process. As the glass cools, these elements interact with light to produce an iridescent effect that can shift depending on angle and lighting.
Because the color and sheen are integral to the glass, variations naturally occur. Differences in thickness, hue, and surface movement are expected and are often used as indicators of hand production rather than flaws.
Tiffany Favrile glass was produced in a wide range of decorative forms. Vases are among the most frequently encountered, but bowls, plates, lampshades, and ornamental objects were also made. Many pieces feature flowing shapes, textured surfaces, or subtle asymmetry.
Some designs incorporate additional techniques such as pulled glass threads or layered coloration. These elements can affect both visual appeal and collectibility.
Authenticity is one of the most important considerations when evaluating Tiffany Favrile glass. Many genuine pieces are marked, though markings vary by period and object type. Some early examples carry hand inscribed signatures, while later pieces may have etched or engraved marks.
However, the absence of a mark does not automatically mean a piece is not authentic. Craftsmanship, color quality, iridescence, and construction methods are often weighed together when determining attribution.
Not all iridescent glass should be classified as Tiffany Favrile. Many manufacturers later adopted similar visual effects using different processes, often applying metallic finishes to the surface rather than incorporating them into the glass itself.
Favrile glass typically shows greater depth of color and a softer, more integrated iridescence. These qualities help distinguish it from carnival glass and other mass produced iridescent wares.
The value of Tiffany Favrile glass varies widely. Some pieces sell for modest sums, while others reach high five figure prices. Value is influenced by several factors working together rather than a single characteristic.
Color depth, form, condition, and confidence of attribution all play major roles. Larger or more complex pieces often command higher prices, but smaller objects with exceptional color and design can also perform strongly.
Condition has a significant impact on value. Chips, cracks, repairs, or heavy surface wear can reduce appeal. Because the iridescence is part of the glass itself, improper cleaning or polishing can permanently dull the surface.
Original condition with minimal wear is generally preferred. Any signs of restoration should be carefully evaluated, as even professional repairs may affect market interest.
Interest in Tiffany Favrile glass has remained steady over time, particularly for well documented and visually strong examples. Collectors often focus on pieces that demonstrate clear hand craftsmanship and balanced design rather than uniformity.
Availability also affects value. Rare forms or unusual color combinations tend to attract more attention than commonly seen designs.
A common misunderstanding is that all glass labeled Favrile carries high value. In reality, misattribution is frequent, and careful evaluation is necessary. Another assumption is that brighter or more metallic finishes are always preferable, when subtlety and depth are often more desirable traits.
Tiffany Favrile glass continues to draw interest because it represents a specific approach to glassmaking that emphasizes material, process, and variation. Its value lies not in uniformity or mass appeal, but in the distinct qualities of individual pieces.
Understanding its history, how it was made, and how value is assessed provides a clearer framework for evaluating Tiffany Favrile glass within the broader decorative arts market.
